Air-rail timetable synchronization: Improving passenger connections in Europe within and across transportation modes
Résumé
This study addresses the integration of the railway and airline scheduling problems, in order to offer passengers smooth transfers between rail and air. This paper focuses on optimizing the air and rail timetables at 18 major European airports including three hubs and their associated train stations. A multimodal passenger demand simulation, using constraint programming and based on real data, is proposed. Six days in December 2019 are analyzed, and ten simulations per day are performed. These instances are publicly released. The air-rail timetable synchronization is applied to these 60 simulated days. Three scenarios are tested in which each operator agrees to change its schedule or not. Results show that changing only 13% of European flights by 11 minutes on average could increase the number of suitable connections for passengers by 60%. In addition, if both airlines and railway operators adapt their schedules, passenger comfort is improved and operator costs are reduced, even more so than with unilateral changes.
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