Simultaneous Wind Field Measurements with Doppler Lidar, Quadrotor and Fixed-Wing UAV
Résumé
This study compares the wind velocity field measurements obtained from a ground-based Doppler Lidar, a fixed-wing UAV equipped with a multi-hole probe, and a small quad-rotor estimating the wind from its attitude angles. Wind speed is measured up to 170m of altitude above the ground level with the Doppler Lidar. The fixed-wing UAV measured the wind speed while descending slowly from 150m AGL, and the quadrotor climbed up to 100m AGL and descent back to the ground while continuously estimating the wind. A discrete extended Kalman filter is implemented to observe the wind speed from the aircraft's GPS position, and onboard airspeed measurements. Another global optimization method is also compared side by side with Doppler Lidar and EKF estimations. All the data including the post-processing code has been open-sourced as supplementary material.